Mercury contamination in facial skin lightening creams and its health risks to user

被引：29

作者：

Ho, Yu Bin ^{[1
]}

Abdullah, Nor Hidayu ^{[1
]}

Hamsan, Hazwanee ^{[1
]}

Tan, Eugenie Sin Sing ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Putra Malaysia, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Res Ctr Excellence Environm & Occupat Hlth, Upm Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia

[2] UCSI Univ, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Sch Hlth Aging Med Aesthet & Regenerat Med, 1 Jalan Menara Gading, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia

来源：

REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY | 2017年 / 88卷

关键词：

Mercury; Cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometrym (CV-AAS); Hazard quotient (HQ); PRODUCTS; EXPOSURE; LIPSTICKS; METALS; DUST;

D O I：

10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.05.018

中图分类号：

DF [法律]; D9 [法律]; R [医药、卫生];

学科分类号：

0301 ; 10 ;

摘要：

This study aims to determine concentrations of mercury in facial skin lightening cream according to different price categories (category I: <RM29.99, category II: RM30.00-RM59.99, category III: RM60.00-RM99.99 and category IV: >= RM100.00) and their potential health risks to users. Prices of skin lightening creams were determined during a preliminary market survey. Thereafter, twenty samples were purchased from various locations such as cosmetic stalls, beauty shops, pharmacies and street vendors based on their stratified price categories. Samples were extracted using microwave digester and analyzed using cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry (CV-AAS). Non-carcinogenic chronic health risks for application of facial skin lightening cream were calculated using Dermal Absorption Dose (DAD) and Hazard Quotient (HQ). Concentrations of mercury in samples were less than the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) permitted trace levels (<1 ppm) except for one sample from category III which was manufactured in China. Concentrations of mercury in facial skin lightening creams ranged from not detected to 1.13 mg kg(-1). There was no significant association between concentrations of mercury with price categories (p = 0.12). There was no significant non-carcinogenic health risk due to daily application of the facial skin lightening creams based on assumption of 30 years exposure period (HQ < 1). (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：72 / 76

页数：5

共 35 条

[1] Comparison of mercury levels in various tissues of albino and pigmented mice treated with two different brands of mercury skin-lightening creams [J].