Modern trends in Raman spectroscopy for biomedical applications will be presented. It will be shown that Raman spectroscopy and various Raman based technologies like, e.g., Raman microscopy, SERS, TERS, CARS are powerful tools to address a broad spectrum of bioanalytical and biomedical problems like, e.g., rapid pathogen identification, sensitive monitoring of low concentrated molecules (e.g., drugs, metabolites) or objective clinical cell and tissue diagnostics for an early diagnosis of diseases like, e.g., cancer.