Exceptionally highly performing Na-ion battery anode using crystalline SnO2 nanoparticles confined in mesoporous carbon

被引:66
作者
Jahel, Ali [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Ghimbeu, Camelia Matei [1 ,3 ]
Darwiche, Ali [2 ,3 ]
Vidal, Loic [1 ,3 ]
Hajjar-Garreau, Samar [1 ]
Vix-Guterl, Cathie [1 ,3 ]
Monconduit, Laure [2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] UHA, Inst Sci Mat Mulhouse IS2M, CNRS, UMR 7361, F-68057 Mulhouse, France
[2] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, ICG, AIME,UMR 5253, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France
[3] CNRS, Reseau Stockage Electrochim Energie RS2E, FR3459, F-80039 Amiens, France
关键词
REDUCED GRAPHENE OXIDE; HIGH-CAPACITY; ELECTROCHEMICAL PERFORMANCE; TIN OXIDE; STORAGE; NANOCOMPOSITES; ELECTRODE; CATHODE;
D O I
10.1039/c5ta01963j
中图分类号
O64 [物理化学(理论化学)、化学物理学];
学科分类号
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Confined and unconfined SnO2 nanoparticles in the pores of mesoporous carbon were prepared and tested as anode materials vs. Na. Both composites present small crystalline SnO2 particles (similar to 3 nm) but different location and dispersion in the carbon matrix. When the particles are homogeneously distributed and confined in the carbon pores, an initial reversible capacity of 780 mA h g(-1) is achieved with unprecedented capacity retention of 80 and 54% after 100 and 4000 cycles, respectively, at a high current rate (50 C, 1800 mA g(-1)). Unexpectedly, over two current rate variation cycles from 1 C to 500 C, the composite recovers 81% and 97%, respectively after returning from the 500 C to the 1 C rate. To our knowledge, no other material with such a long cycling life and superior performance in terms of capacity and rate capability has been reported so far for sodium ion batteries. HRTEM, XRD, N-2 adsorption, XPS and galvanostatic cycling results suggest that confined SnO2 particles undergo an enhanced sodium alloying/dealloying process due to their special confinement inside the pores, which increases their conductivity, facilitates the diffusion of Na+ ions and buffers the large volumetric changes during charge/discharge. These high performances cannot be delivered when SnO2 is not confined and not well dispersed in the carbon pores. This work demonstrates that nano-confinement of anode species in carbon is a valuable concept affording the modification of the fundamental properties of guest species along with their electrochemical performances leading to highly stable and performing materials with a long life for Na-ion batteries.
引用
收藏
页码:11960 / 11969
页数:10
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