Signaling Pathway in the Osmotic Resistance Induced by Angiotensin II AT2 Receptor Activation in Human Erythrocytes

Background: Angiotensin II regulates blood volume via AT1 (AT1R) and AT2 (AT2R) receptors. As cell integrity is an important feature of mature erythrocyte, we sought to evaluate, in vitro, whether angiotensin II modulates resistance to hemolysis and the signaling pathway involved. Methods: Human blood samples were collected and hemolysis assay and angiotensin II signaling pathway profiling in erythrocytes were done. Results: Hemolysis assay created a hemolysis curve in presence of Ang II in several concentrations (10(-6) M, 10(-8) M, 10(-10) M, 10(-12) M). Angiotensin II demonstrated protective effect, both in osmotic stressed and physiological situations, by reducing hemolysis in NaCl 0.4% and 0.9%. By adding receptors antagonists (losartan, AT1R antagonist and PD 123319, AT2R antagonist) and/or signaling modulators for AMPK, Akt/PI3K, p38 and PKC we showed the protective effect was enhanced with losartan and abolished with PD 123319. Also, we showed activation of p38 as well as PI3K/Akt pathways in this system. Conclusions: Ang II protects human erythrocytes from hypo-osmotic conditions-induced hemolysis by activating AT2 receptors and triggering intracellular pathways.