Qualitative smell/taste disorders as sequelae of acute COVID-19

被引:51
作者
Ercoli, Tommaso [1 ]
Masala, Carla [2 ]
Pinna, Ilenia [2 ]
Orofino, Gianni [3 ]
Solla, Paolo [4 ]
Rocchi, Lorenzo [1 ,3 ]
Defazio, Giovanni [1 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Cagliari, Inst Neurol, Dept Med Sci & Publ Hlth, Cagliari, Italy
[2] Univ Cagliari, Dept Biomed Sci, Monserrato, Italy
[3] Univ Cagliari, Inst Neurol, Azienda Osped, Cagliari, Italy
[4] Univ Sassari, Dept Neurol, Sassari, Italy
关键词
COVID-19; Phantogeusia; Olfactory hallucination; Smell; Taste; PARKINSONS-DISEASE;
D O I
10.1007/s10072-021-05611-6
中图分类号
R74 [神经病学与精神病学];
学科分类号
摘要
Background Qualitative smell/taste disorders (such as phantosmia, parosmia, phantogeusia, and parageusia) have not yet been fully characterized in patients who had COVID-19, whereas quantitative disturbances (i.e., reduction/loss of smell/taste) have been widely investigated. Objective To simultaneously assess the presence of both quantitative and qualitative smell/taste dysfunctions in patients who suffered from COVID-19. Methods We enrolled 17 consecutive patients who suffered from COVID-19 over the last 6 months and 21 healthy controls, matched for sex and age. After a negative nasopharyngeal swab, the Sniffin' Sticks Test and the Taste Strips were used to assess olfactory and taste function, respectively. At the same time, the presence of phantosmia, parosmia, phantogeusia, and parageusia was investigated with a standardized questionnaire. Results Qualitative disturbances of smell and/or taste were found in 6/17 (35.3%) patients. Phantosmia was reported in 2/17 (11.8%) patients and parosmia in 4/17 (23.5%). There were no significant differences in smell test scores between patients who reported phantosmia and/or parosmia and patients who did not. Phantogeusia was described in 3/17 (17.6%) patients, and parageusia was identified in 4/17 (23.5%) patients. All tested patients were normogeusic. Conclusion Around one-third of patients who recover from COVID-19 may have persistent qualitative dysfunction in smell/taste domains. Detection of phantogeusia in long-term COVID-19 patients represents a further novel finding. Further investigation is needed to better characterize the pathophysiology of phantosmia, parosmia, phantogeusia, and parageusia in patients who had COVID-19.
引用
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页码:4921 / 4926
页数:6
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