A digital twin implementation architecture for wire

Digital twin (DT) is an enabling technology characterized by integrating cyber and physical spaces. It is well-fitted to additive manufacturing since it can benefit from digitalized assets and data analytics for the process control. Wire + arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is being increasingly recognized due to its fabrication of large-scale parts. This paper proposes a generalized DT implementation architecture for WAAM based on ISO 23247 to address integration and interoperability issues. It will enable manufactur-ers to leverage DT for the real-time decision-making and control. An application scenario of machine learning-based anomaly detection for WAAM is used to explain the architecture.(c) 2022 Society of Manufacturing Engineers (SME). Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.