Square Kilometre Array Low Atomic commercial off-the-shelf correlator and beamformer

被引:4
|
作者
Hampson, Grant A. [1 ]
Bunton, John D. [1 ]
Humphrey, David [1 ]
Bengston, Keith J. [1 ]
Jourjon, Guillaume [1 ]
Bolin, Andrew B. [1 ]
Chen, Yuqing [1 ]
Troup, Euan R. [1 ]
Babich, Giles C. [1 ]
van Aardt, Jason C. [1 ]
机构
[1] CSIRO, Space & Astron, Marsfield, NSW, Australia
关键词
antenna arrays; correlators; beam steering; accelerator architectures; communication switching; field-programmable gate arrays;
D O I
10.1117/1.JATIS.8.1.011018
中图分类号
V [航空、航天];
学科分类号
08 ; 0825 ;
摘要
The Square Kilometre Array Low is a next generation radio telescope, consisting of 512 antenna stations spread over 65 km, to be built in Western Australia. The correlator and beamformer (CBF) design is central to the telescope signal processing. CBF receives 6 Tera-bits-per-second (Tbps) of station data continuously and processes it in real time with a compute load of 2 Peta-operations-per-second (Pops). The correlator calculates up to 22 million cross products between all pairs of stations, whereas the beamformers (BFs) coherently sum station data to form more than 500 beams. The output of the correlator is up to 7 Tbps, and the BF 2 Tbps. The design philosophy, called "Atomic COTS," is based on commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware. Data routing is implemented in network switches programmed using the Programming Protocol-Independent Packet Processors (P4) language and the signal processing occurs in COTS field-programmable gate array (FPGA) cards. The P4 language allows routing to be determined from the metadata in the Ethernet packets from the stations. That is, metadata describing the contents of the packet determines the routing. Each FPGA card inputs a fraction of the overall bandwidth for all stations and then implements the processing needed to generate complete science data products. Generation of complete science products in a single FPGA is named here as Atomic processing. A Tango distributed control system configures the multitude of processing modes as well as maintaining the overall health of the CBF system hardware. The resulting 6 Tbps in and 9 Tbps out, 2 Pops Atomic COTS network attached accelerator occupies five racks and consumes 60 kW. (C) The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
引用
收藏
页数:12
相关论文
共 50 条
  • [41] Single Event Effect Testing of Commercial Off-The-Shelf Components
    Riaz, M. Hammad
    Javed, A.
    Ahsan, M.
    2015 FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AEROSPACE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING (ICASE), 2016,
  • [42] Integrating Commercial Off-the-Shelf Video Games into School Curriculums
    Charsky, Dennis
    Mims, Clif
    TECHTRENDS, 2008, 52 (05) : 38 - 44
  • [43] Virtual Inertia Emulation using Commercial Off-The-Shelf Inverters
    Tamrakar, Ujjwol
    dos Reis, Fernando B.
    Luna, Andre
    Shrestha, Dipesh
    Fourney, Robert
    Tonkoski, Reinaldo
    2018 IEEE ENERGY CONVERSION CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION (ECCE), 2018, : 1111 - 1116
  • [44] Conflict Analysis in Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) Based Development
    Ibrahim, Hamdy
    Wanyama, Tom
    Eberlein, Armin
    Far, Behrouz H.
    22ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING & KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING (SEKE 2010), 2010, : 686 - 691
  • [45] Acoustic test and analysis of spacecraft commercial off-the-shelf components
    Lee, YA
    Tolomeo, J
    2000 PROCEEDINGS: INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY, 2000, : 297 - 303
  • [46] Backside SEU laser testing for commercial off-the-shelf SRAMs
    Darracq, F
    Lapuyade, H
    Buard, N
    Mounsi, F
    Foucher, B
    Fouillat, P
    Calvet, MC
    Dufayel, R
    IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE, 2002, 49 (06) : 2977 - 2983
  • [47] The Murchison Widefield Array: The Square Kilometre Array Precursor at Low Radio Frequencies
    Tingay, S. J.
    Goeke, R.
    Bowman, J. D.
    Emrich, D.
    Ord, S. M.
    Mitchell, D. A.
    Morales, M. F.
    Booler, T.
    Crosse, B.
    Wayth, R. B.
    Lonsdale, C. J.
    Tremblay, S.
    Pallot, D.
    Colegate, T.
    Wicenec, A.
    Kudryavtseva, N.
    Arcus, W.
    Barnes, D.
    Bernardi, G.
    Briggs, F.
    Burns, S.
    Bunton, J. D.
    Cappallo, R. J.
    Corey, B. E.
    Deshpande, A.
    Desouza, L.
    Gaensler, B. M.
    Greenhill, L. J.
    Hall, P. J.
    Hazelton, B. J.
    Herne, D.
    Hewitt, J. N.
    Johnston-Hollitt, M.
    Kaplan, D. L.
    Kasper, J. C.
    Kincaid, B. B.
    Koenig, R.
    Kratzenberg, E.
    Lynch, M. J.
    Mckinley, B.
    Mcwhirter, S. R.
    Morgan, E.
    Oberoi, D.
    Pathikulangara, J.
    Prabu, T.
    Remillard, R. A.
    Rogers, A. E. E.
    Roshi, A.
    Salah, J. E.
    Sault, R. J.
    PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF AUSTRALIA, 2013, 30
  • [48] Digitizing pediatric chest radiographs: comparison of low-cost, commercial off-the-shelf technologies
    Ruess, L
    Uyehara, CFT
    Shiels, KC
    Cho, KH
    O'Connor, SC
    Whitton, RK
    Person, DA
    PEDIATRIC RADIOLOGY, 2001, 31 (12) : 841 - 847
  • [49] Pulse shape discrimination with a low-cost digitizer using commercial off-the-shelf components
    Recker, M. C.
    Cazalas, E. J.
    McClory, J. W.
    NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT, 2020, 954 (954):
  • [50] Indoor Air Quality Assessment Using Low-cost Commercial Off-the-Shelf Sensors
    Marinov, Marin B.
    Ganev, Borislav T.
    Nikolov, Dimitar N.
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2021 6TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ENVIRONMENT - FRIENDLY ENERGIES AND APPLICATIONS (EFEA 2021), 2021,