Cannabis and Its Derivatives: Review of Medical Use

被引:64
作者
Leung, Lawrence [1 ]
机构
[1] Queens Univ, Dept Family Med, Kingston, ON K7L 5E9, Canada
关键词
Cannabis; Clinical Effects; Controversy; Drug Therapy; Marijuana; Substance Abuse; DELTA(9)-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL THC; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; TOURETTES-SYNDROME; DOUBLE-BLIND; MARIJUANA; PAIN; SMOKING; DELTA-9-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL; EFFICACY;
D O I
10.3122/jabfm.2011.04.100280
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
Background: Use of cannabis is often an under-reported activity in our society. Despite legal restriction, cannabis is often used to relieve chronic and neuropathic pain, and it carries psychotropic and physical adverse effects with a propensity for addiction. This article aims to update the current knowledge and evidence of using cannabis and its derivatives with a view to the sociolegal context and perspectives for future research. Methods: Cannabis use can be traced back to ancient cultures and still continues in our present society despite legal curtailment. The active ingredient, Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol, accounts for both the physical and psychotropic effects of cannabis. Though clinical trials demonstrate benefits in alleviating chronic and neuropathic pain, there is also significant potential physical and psychotropic side-effects of cannabis. Recent laboratory data highlight synergistic interactions between cannabinoid and opioid receptors, with potential reduction of drug-seeking behavior and opiate sparing effects. Legal rulings also have changed in certain American states, which may lead to wider use of cannabis among eligible persons. Conclusions: Family physicians need to be cognizant of such changing landscapes with a practical knowledge on the pros and cons of medical marijuana, the legal implications of its use, and possible developments in the future. (J Am Board Fam Med 2011;24:452-462.)
引用
收藏
页码:452 / 462
页数:11
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