Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Associated with Cruise Ship Travel: A Systematic Review

被引：11

作者：

Rosca, Elena Cecilia ^{[1
]}

Heneghan, Carl ^{[2
]}

Spencer, Elizabeth A. ^{[2
]}

Brassey, Jon ^{[3
]}

Pluddemann, Annette ^{[2
]}

Onakpoya, Igho J. ^{[4
]}

Evans, David ^{[5
,6
]}

Conly, John M. ^{[7
,8
,9
,10
,11
,12
]}

Jefferson, Tom ^{[4
]}

机构：

[1] Victor Babes Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Neurol, Piata Eftimie Murgu 2, Timisoara 300041, Romania

[2] Univ Oxford, Ctr Evidence Based Med, Nuffield Dept Primary Care Hlth Sci, Radcliffe Observ Quarter, Oxford OX2 6GG, England

[3] Trip Database Ltd, Glasllwch Lane, Newport NP20 3PS, Gwent, Wales

[4] Univ Oxford, Dept Continuing Educ, Rewley House,1 Wellington Sq, Oxford OX1 2JA, England

[5] Univ Alberta, Li Ka Shing Inst Virol, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada

[6] Univ Alberta, Dept Med Microbiol & Immunol, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada

[7] Univ Calgary, Cumming Sch Med, Synder Inst Chron Dis, Dept Med, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada

[8] Univ Calgary, Cumming Sch Med, Synder Inst Chron Dis, Dept Microbiol, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada

[9] Univ Calgary, Cumming Sch Med, Synder Inst Chron Dis, Dept Immunol & Infect Dis, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada

[10] Univ Calgary, Cumming Sch Med, Synder Inst Chron Dis, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada

[11] Univ Calgary, Cumming Sch Med, OBrien Inst Publ Hlth, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada

[12] Alberta Hlth Serv, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada

来源：

TROPICAL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE | 2022年 / 7卷 / 10期

关键词：

COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; transmission; cruise ship; environment; systematic review; COVID-19; OUTBREAK; INFLUENZA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INDIVIDUALS; CREWMEMBERS; PASSENGERS;

D O I：

10.3390/tropicalmed7100290

中图分类号：

R51 [传染病];

学科分类号：

100401 ;

摘要：

Background: Maritime and river travel may be associated with respiratory viral spread via infected passengers and/or crew and potentially through other transmission routes. The transmission models of SARS-CoV-2 associated with cruise ship travel are based on transmission dynamics of other respiratory viruses. We aimed to provide a summary and evaluation of relevant data on SARS-CoV-2 transmission aboard cruise ships, report policy implications, and highlight research gaps. Methods: We searched four electronic databases (up to 26 May 2022) and included studies on SARS-CoV-2 transmission aboard cruise ships. The quality of the studies was assessed based on five criteria, and relevant findings were reported. Results: We included 23 papers on onboard SARS-CoV-2 transmission (with 15 reports on different aspects of the outbreak on Diamond Princess and nine reports on other international cruises), 2 environmental studies, and 1 systematic review. Three articles presented data on both international cruises and the Diamond Princess. The quality of evidence from most studies was low to very low. Index case definitions were heterogeneous. The proportion of traced contacts ranged from 0.19 to 100%. Studies that followed up >80% of passengers and crew reported attack rates (AR) up to 59%. The presence of a distinct dose-response relationship was demonstrated by findings of increased ARs in multi-person cabins. Two studies performed viral cultures with eight positive results. Genomic sequencing and phylogenetic analyses were performed in individuals from three cruises. Two environmental studies reported PCR-positive samples (cycle threshold range 26.21-39.00). In one study, no infectious virus was isolated from any of the 76 environmental samples. Conclusion: Our review suggests that crowding and multiple persons per cabin were associated with an increased risk of transmission on cruise ships. Variations in design, methodology, and case ascertainment limit comparisons across studies and quantification of transmission risk. Standardized guidelines for conducting and reporting studies on cruise ships of acute respiratory infection transmission should be developed.

引用

页数：27

共 59 条

[1] Unique Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in the Second Large Cruise Ship Cluster in Japan [J].