Genotype identification and assessment of genetic relationships in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br] using microsatellites and RAPDs

The potential of DNA markers such as microsatellites, minisatellites and RAPDs was investigated in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br] with respect to their abundance and variability. Southern analysis, using 22 different di-, tri-, tetra- and penta-oligonucleotide probes and five minisatellite probes, identified (GATA)(4) as the most useful probe for the detection of multiple polymorphic fragments among pearl millet cultivars and landraces from India. The clustering patterns of pearl millet cultivars and landraces based on (GATA), and RAPD (randomly amplified polymorphic DNA) markers differed. The landraces, representing eight states in India, could not be grouped based on their geographical distribution with the DNA markers. RAPD analysis revealed a high degree of genetic diversity among the cultivars and landraces employed in this study. The probability of an identical match by chance for any two genotypes using (GATA)(4) and RAPDs was 3.02x10(-20) for cultivars and 5.2 x 10(-9) for landraces. The microsatellite (GATA)(4) and RAPDs provide useful tools for genotype identification and for the assessment of genetic relationships in pearl millet.