Transcriptome Analysis of Sexually Dimorphic Chinese White Wax Scale Insects Reveals Key Differences in Developmental Programs and Transcription Factor Expression

被引:41
作者
Yang, Pu [1 ]
Chen, Xiao-Ming [1 ]
Liu, Wei-Wei [1 ]
Feng, Ying [1 ]
Sun, Tao [1 ]
机构
[1] Chinese Acad Forestry, Insects State Forestry Adm, Key Lab Cultivating & Utilizat Resources, Res Inst Resources Insects, Kunming 650224, Peoples R China
基金
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
HOX GENE; POSTEMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT; PATTERNS; METAMORPHOSIS; EVOLUTION; SEQUENCE; INSIGHTS; TIME; LIFE; BUG;
D O I
10.1038/srep08141
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
The Chinese white wax scale insect, Ericerus pela, represents one of the most dramatic examples of sexual dimorphism in any insect species. In this study, we showed that although E. pela males display complete metamorphosis similar to holometabolous insects, the species forms the sister group to Acyrthosiphon pisum and cluster with hemimetabolous insects. The gene expression profile and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses revealed that the two sexes engaged in distinct developmental programs. In particular, female development appeared to prioritize the expression of genes related to cellular, metabolic, and developmental processes and to anatomical structure formation in nymphs. By contrast, male nymphal development is characterized by the significant down-regulation of genes involved in chitin, the respiratory system, and neurons. The wing and appendage morphogenesis, anatomical and tissue structure morphogenesis programs activated after male nymphal development. Transcription factors (that convey juvenile hormone or ecdysone signals, and Hox genes) and DNA methyltransferase were also differentially expressed between females and males. These results may indicate the roles that these differentially expressed genes play in regulating sexual dimorphism through orchestrating complex genetic programs. This differential expression was particularly prominent for processes linked to female development and wing development in males.
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页数:7
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