Comparison of energy intakes estimated by weighed dietary record and diet history questionnaire with total energy expenditure measured by accelerometer in young Japanese women

In Western countries underestimation of energy intake (EI) is considered a serious problem in dietary surveys, but information on the accuracy of EI among Japanese people is sparse. We compared estimated El with measured total energy expenditure (TEE) in 21 Japanese women aged 20-22 y, Dietary intake was estimated by 7-d weighed dietary records (7dWR) and a self-administered diet history questionnaire (DRQ). TEE was measured for 2 5 3 d (mean standard deviation, range: 16-27 d) by a uniaxial accelerometer. Both EI by 7dWR (1,4981-305 kcal/d) and EI by DHQ (1,599331 kcal/d) were significantly lower than TEE (1,865179 kcal/d) (p<0.001 and p<0.01. respectively), but neither estimated El nor the magnitude of El underestimation (2015% for 7dWR and 1323% for DHQ) was significantly different between two methods (p=0.25 and p=0.22, respectively). The Spearman correlation (r) between TEE and El was 0.5.1. (p=0.02) for 7dWR and 0.09 (p=0.71.) for DHQ, indicating better ranking of individuals by 7dWR. The accuracy of EI (EI/TEE) was negatively associated with the percentage of El from protein in 7dWR (r=- 0.44, p=0.049) and positively associated with the percentage of EI from fat in both 7dWR (r=0.45, p=0.04) and DHQ (r=0.62. p<0.01), suggesting selective overestimation of protein and selective underestimation of fat. These results indicate not only underestimation of habitual El but also selective under- and/or overestimation of macronutrients in both 7dWR and DHQ.