Synthesis of grounded capacitor and grounded resistor oscillators

Three novel oscillators that employ grounded capacitors and grounded resistors and using the current conveyor as the active building block are given. The proposed oscillators are based on modification of the well known two-integrator loop oscillator. The proposed oscillators have the advantages of independent oscillation control by varying a single grounded resistor as well as independent frequency control through another grounded resistor. A novel current mode oscillator using two-output current conveyors is generated from one of the proposed oscillators. The oscillators reported in this paper are suitable for very large-scale integration, by using MOS grounded resistors. PSpice simulations to confirm the excellent performance of each of the proposed oscillators are included. (C) 1999 The Franklin Institute. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.