Effects of Polyphenols on Changes in the Transport of Ca2+ NMDA-receptors Under the Influence of L-glutamate against the Background of Alzheimer's Disease

Calcium is a ubiquitous second messenger that regulates various activities in eukaryotic cells. Especially important role calcium plays in excitable cells. Neurons require extremely precise spatial-temporal control of calcium-dependent processes because they regulate such vital functions as synaptic plasticity. Recent evidence indicates that neuronal calcium signaling is abnormal in many of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). A pivotal role for excitotoxicity in AD is gaining increasingly more acceptance, but the underlying mechanisms through which it participates in neurodegeneration still need further investigation. Excessive activation of glutamate receptors by excitatory amino acids leads to a number of deleterious consequences, including impairment of calcium buffering, generation of free radicals, activation of the mitochondria' permeability transition and secondary excitotoxicity. The possible competition between the polyphenols PC-6, PC-7 and L-glutamate for the site of regulation of the opening of ion channels of ionotropic NMDA-receptors in the brain of rats against the background of Alzheimer's disease was studied.