Changes in the galactose content of IgG during humoral immune responses

The Fc region of IgG bears two oligosaccharides of variable composition. The serum level of one variant which lacks terminal galactose and sialic acid (agalactosyl IgG) is raised in a number of autoimmune diseases and animal models thereof. Here it is shown that such changes in IgG glycosylation occur during non-pathological humoral immune responses. It was found that if specific pathogen free (SPF) CBA/Ca mice are transferred from a sterile to a conventional environment, their levels of total serum IgG rise whereas the degree of IgG galactosylation falls. Next, mice were immunised with bovine serum albumin (BSA) in incomplete Freund's adjuvant. As anti-BSA titres rose the antibodies became less galactosylated and later, as the titres fell, the antibodies became more galactosylated. By contrast, there was little or no variation in the relative galactosylation of total IgG. It is considered that the galactosylation of IgG antibodies varies during an immune response.