Challenges in the control of soil-transmitted helminthiasis in Sichuan, Western China

A literature review was performed to define the history of transmission of human parasitic diseases and the evolution of control measures adopted in Sichuan Province during the past several decades. In particular, monitoring data related to soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections collected since 2006 were analyzed to determine prevalence based on the current control measures and strategies. It was observed that high STH infections, existing mostly in hilly and mountain areas where cultural and economic development has been slower than that in the plain areas, present a continuing challenge to the prevention and control of STHs. For example, it was found that health knowledge, awareness and preventive behavior rates are low in residents over 50 years old, contributing to positive correlations between high infection and low efficacy of control in rural areas. Financial resources of the government at various levels have not been adequate to provide sufficient budget support and personnel dedicated to prevention and control including human deworming in endemic areas. Recent initiatives of the central government have been directed at addressing both parasitic diseases and poverty and, together, present opportunities for the implementation of more effective and integrated control activities.