Influence of hs-CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α and it's role in dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes in population of Karachi, Pakistan

The present study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6, highly sensitive C-reactive protein, and tumor necrotic factor alpha and evaluate the association and role of these inflammatory markers in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. A retrospective case-control study was conducted in Karachi. 400 individuals participated in the study having 200 diabetic patients and 200 controls. The subjects' profile and anthropometric indices were recorded and the levels of FPG, fasting insulin, lipid profile, IL-6, and hs-CRP were determined. Insulin resistance, beta-cell function and sensitivity were calculated by HOMA analysis using the HOMA calculator. Using independent t-test BMI, percent body fats, HbA1c, FPG, and fasting insulin were found significant (p<0.05). HOMA-IR, percent beta cell, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and HDL showed significant (p<0.05) results among cases and controls. Similarly, TNF-alpha and hs-CRP were also found significant (p<0.05) in cases than controls. Multiple linear regression was performed to predict the values of FPG, fasting plasma insulin, and IL-6. All models were statistically significant (p<0.05). The current study reveals that inflammation is the fundamental mechanism in obesityinduced insulin resistance, and T2DM, expanded fat stores in the body, and sedentary lifestyle are involved in the alteration of metabolic processes.