Spirometry parameter alterations due to exposure to indoor air pollutants in rural homes in Bogota, Colombia

The aim of this study was to determine the association between the concentrations of intradomiciliary PM2.5, CO, and BC and alterations in respiratory function parameters in a population living in rural dwellings in Bogota, Colombia. For this cross-sectional study, people were recruited from the rural areas of the localities of Usme and Sumapaz in Bogota. In total, 68 participants were recruited by means of nonrandom sampling. Indoor air monitoring of PM2.5, BC, and CO was carried out. Additionally, evaluations of pulmonary function were performed using spirometry. The variables of pulmonary function were included in a multiple linear regression by successive steps and adjusted by the main variables described as modifiers of spirometry parameters, which are age, height, sex, disability, and a history of tobacco use. Assumptions of multicollinearity and the randomization of variances in the residuals were evaluated. Negative associations were found between spirometry parameters and the concentrations of indoor air pollutants. For FEV1/FVC and theoretical FEV1, there was a statistically significant association with the concentration of carbon monoxide (p = 0.003 and 0.019, respectively). The environmental concentrations were higher in homes where biomass was used for cooking, but these differences were statistically significant only for BC and CO (p = 0.008 and 0.03, respectively). The concentrations of carbon monoxide in rural homes were associated with alterations in respiratory function parameters.