Reproductive phenology, seed germination and ex situ conservation of Pseudananas sagenarius in a semi-deciduous tropical forest fragment

Understanding the life history and ecophysiology of native species is crucial for the restoration of fragmented landscapes, such as the Atlantic Forest. In the present study, we examined the reproductive phenology and specific germination requirements of Pseudananas sagenarius (Bromeliaceae), an understory perennial herb from semi-deciduous tropical forests. The reproductive phenology was followed for 24 months and the effects of light and temperature on germination were evaluated under constant temperatures of 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 degrees C for both light and dark conditions. Seeds were also stored for 24 and 36 months before being allowed to germinate at optimum conditions. The reproduction of P. sagenarius was supra-annual, extended, irregular and non-synchronic, with seed dispersal occurring at the onset of the rainy season. Seeds are small, orthodox and photoblastic, and the optimum temperature for germination was 25 degrees C, which is consistent with the soil surface temperature at dispersal. Stored seeds showed a minor decrease in germinability, but maintained their viability after 36 months. Recruitment from seed is likely to occur at the onset of the rainy season or after gap formation. Our results suggest that P. sagenarius has the potential to form seedling banks and that seeds retain their germinative potential after storage.