In vitro anthelmintic and antibacterial effect of Kalanchoe daigremontiana leaves and stems hydroalcoholic extract

Five concentrations (200 to 12.5 mg mL(-1)) of Kalanchoe daigremontiana hydroalcoholic extract, were used to determine its anthelmintic and antibacterial effect in vitro. To determine the anthelmintic effect, eggs hatching inhibition, inhibition of motility and larval mortality tests were performed Haemonchus contortus (HC). The determination of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration allowed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of extract on L. monocytogenes, S. typhi, P. aeruginosa, S. choleraesuis, B. subtilis, E. coli and S. aureus. Kalanchoe daigremontiana hydroalcoholic extract inhibited the 99.5% of HC eggs hatching and reduced the motility of 85.2% of L3 larvae at 400 mg mL(-1). The lethal concentrations 50 and 90 for the inhibition of hatching were 66.5 and 87.3 mg mL(-1) and 1.5 and 240.9 mg mL(-1), for the inhibition of motility. The extract showed activity on Gram positive and Gram-negative bacteria, determining a MIC of 100 mg mL(-1) P. aeruginosa and L. monocytogenes and 0.781 mg mL(-1) for B. subtilis and S. aureus. These results indicate that the hydroalcoholic extract of Kalanchoe daigremontiana has a potential anthelmintic and antibacterial effect and that it could be used as a biological control strategy.