Genome sequencing reveals insights into physiology and longevity of the naked mole rat

被引：446

作者：

Kim, Eun Bae ^{[2
]}

Fang, Xiaodong ^{[1
]}

Fushan, Alexey A. ^{[2
]}

Huang, Zhiyong ^{[1
]}

Lobanov, Alexei V. ^{[3
]}

Han, Lijuan ^{[1
]}

Marino, Stefano M. ^{[3
]}

Sun, Xiaoqing ^{[1
]}

Turanov, Anton A. ^{[3
]}

Yang, Pengcheng ^{[1
]}

Yim, Sun Hee ^{[3
]}

Zhao, Xiang ^{[1
]}

Kasaikina, Marina V. ^{[3
]}

Stoletzki, Nina ^{[3
]}

Peng, Chunfang ^{[1
]}

Polak, Paz ^{[3
]}

Xiong, Zhiqiang ^{[1
]}

Kiezun, Adam ^{[3
]}

Zhu, Yabing ^{[1
]}

Chen, Yuanxin ^{[1
]}

Kryukov, Gregory V. ^{[3
,4
]}

Zhang, Qiang ^{[1
]}

Peshkin, Leonid ^{[5
]}

Yang, Lan ^{[1
]}

Bronson, Roderick T. ^{[6
]}

Buffenstein, Rochelle ^{[7
,8
]}

Wang, Bo ^{[1
]}

Han, Changlei ^{[1
]}

Li, Qiye ^{[1
]}

Chen, Li ^{[1
]}

Zhao, Wei ^{[1
]}

Sunyaev, Shamil R. ^{[3
,4
]}

Park, Thomas J. ^{[9
]}

Zhang, Guojie ^{[1
]}

Wang, Jun ^{[1
,10
,11
]}

Gladyshev, Vadim N. ^{[2
,3
,4
]}

机构：

[1] BGI Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, Peoples R China

[2] Ewha Womans Univ, Dept Bioinspired Sci, Seoul 120750, South Korea

[3] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med,Div Genet, Boston, MA 02115 USA

[4] Broad Inst Harvard & MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA

[5] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Syst Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA

[6] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Rodent Histopathol Lab, Boston, MA 02115 USA

[7] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA

[8] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Sam & Ann Barshop Inst Longev & Aging Studies, San Antonio, TX 78245 USA

[9] Univ Illinois, Dept Biol Sci, Chicago, IL 60607 USA

[10] Univ Copenhagen, Novo Nordisk Fdn Ctr Basic Metab Res, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark

[11] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark

来源：

NATURE | 2011年 / 479卷 / 7372期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会; 中国国家自然科学基金;

关键词：

LONGEST-LIVING RODENT; HETEROCEPHALUS-GLABER; RESISTANCE; FOSSORIAL; PROTEIN-1; CELLS;

D O I：

10.1038/nature10533

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

The naked mole rat (Heterocephalus glaber) is a strictly subterranean, extraordinarily long-lived eusocial mammal(1). Although it is the size of a mouse, its maximum lifespan exceeds 30 years, making this animal the longest-living rodent. Naked mole rats show negligible senescence, no age-related increase in mortality, and high fecundity until death(2). In addition to delayed ageing, they are resistant to both spontaneous cancer and experimentally induced tumorigenesis(3,4). Naked mole rats pose a challenge to the theories that link ageing, cancer and redox homeostasis. Although characterized by significant oxidative stress(5), the naked mole rat proteome does not show age-related susceptibility to oxidative damage or increased ubiquitination(6). Naked mole rats naturally reside in large colonies with a single breeding female, the 'queen', who suppresses the sexual maturity of her subordinates(7). They also live in full darkness, at low oxygen and high carbon dioxide concentrations(8), and are unable to sustain thermogenesis(9) nor feel certain types of pain(10,11). Here we report the sequencing and analysis of the naked mole rat genome, which reveals unique genome features and molecular adaptations consistent with cancer resistance, poikilothermy, hairlessness and insensitivity to low oxygen, and altered visual function, circadian rythms and taste sensing. This information provides insights into the naked mole rat's exceptional longevity and ability to live in hostile conditions, in the dark and at low oxygen. The extreme traits of the naked mole rat, together with the reported genome and transcriptome information, offer opportunities for understanding ageing and advancing other areas of biological and biomedical research.

引用

页码：223 / 227

页数：5

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