A framework of monitoring water pipeline techniques based on sensors technologies

Water pipelines are one of the most vital structures to convey fresh water for consumption or irrigation over long distances. However, the major problem of water transportation pipeline is leak which can cause water resources loss, possible human injuries, and environmental pollution problems. For that, these pipelines must be carefully and real-time monitored. In this work, we describe a comprehensive frame-work for existing monitoring water pipeline techniques based on both wired and wireless networks. Furthermore, we elaborate a comparative overview in terms of keys parameters touching monitoring models. After the evaluation of all the existing pipeline monitoring methods, it is much more evident that techniques based on wireless sensors networks have variety and are the best selection for water pipeline monitoring purposes. This study is a guideline to select which model is the most suitable to design a new pipeline monitoring scheme. (c) 2019 The Authors. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).