NOX emissions of compression ignition engines fueled with various biodiesel blends: A review

There are some challenges about NOX emissions exhausted from diesel engines fueled with biodiesel. Due to increasingly stringent emission regulations, the different methods such as varying the engine operating parameters, treatment with antioxidant additive and blending fuels have been adapted to reduce emissions of biodiesel combustion. One of the effective methods is the combustion of dual or blending fuels. Various fuels such as gasoline, hydrogen, natural gas, biogas, different types of alcohols and also fuel additives have been used to reduce biodiesel disadvantages. This study reviews the potential of the different fuels as an additive in biodiesel fuel in correspond to reduce NOX emissions. The general reduction of NOX has been observed with the presence of gasoline, biogas and alcohols in biodiesel blends. The reduction of NOX in biodiesel-hydrogen, biodiesel-diesel or biodiesel-CNG combustion has not been observed through all engine conditions. Moreover the retarding injection timing, the lower injection pressure, EGR higher than 30% can result in the reduced NOX emissions. However it seems the decrease in NOX emissions can be achieved by the use of most fuels in blending with biodiesel under all engine operating conditions, if only the proper injection parameters and blending proportions of fuels are set. (C) 2019 Energy Institute. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.