Noninvasive Ventilation in Severe Acute Asthma

Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in severe acute asthma is controversial but may benefit this population by preventing intubation. We report on a 35-year-old male asthma patient who presented to our emergency department via emergency medical services. The patient was responsive, diaphoretic, and breathing at 35 breaths/min on 100% oxygen with bag-mask assistance, with S-pO2, 88%, heart rate 110-120 beats/min, blood pressure 220/110 mm Hg, and temperature 35.8 degrees C. NIV at 12/5 cm H2O and F-IO2 0.40 was applied, and albuterol at 40 mg/h was initiated. Admission arterial blood gas revealed a pH of 6.95, P-aCO2 126 mm Hg, and P-aO2 316 mm Hg. After 90 min of therapy, P-aCO2 was 63 mm Hg. Improvement continued, and NIV was stopped 4 h following presentation. NIV tolerance was supported with low doses of lorazepam. The patient was transferred to the ICU, moved to general care the next morning, and discharged 3 days later. We attribute our success to close monitoring in a critical care setting and the titration of lorazepam.