Using Well-Plate Microfluidic Devices to Conduct Shear-Based Thrombosis Assays

Shear stress plays a critical role in regulating platelet adhesion and thrombus formation at the site of vascular injury. As such, platelets are often examined in vitro under controlled shear flow conditions for their hemostatic and thrombotic functions. Common shear-based platelet analyses include the evaluation of genetic mutants, inhibitory or experimental compounds, matrix substrates, and the effects of different physiological and pathological shear forces. There are several laboratory instruments widely used for studying shear flow, including cone and plate viscometers and parallel plate perfusion chambers. These technologies vary widely in the types of samples, substrates, blood volumes, and throughput that are involved. Here, we describe a microfluidic system for platelet analysis under shear flow. We used the devices to study thrombus formation on collagen I and von Willebrand factor. The system was also used to investigate dose response to the antiplatelet compound, Abciximab, under shear flow conditions with an emphasis on maximizing the number of data points per single patient sample. The presented method confers multiple advantages over conventional approaches. These include the ability to assess up to 24 conditions simultaneously in real time, maintain identical physical conditions across experiments, and use extremely low donor volumes. (JALA 2011;16:148-52)