Ecotype differences in aggression, neural activity and behaviorally relevant gene expression in cichlid fish

被引:27
作者
Baran, Nicole M. [1 ,2 ]
Streelman, J. Todd [1 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
[2] Emory Univ, Dept Psychol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
[3] Georgia Inst Technol, Petit Inst Bioengn & Biosci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
关键词
aggression; cichlid fish; evolution; gene expression; neural induction; PhosphoTRAP; pS6; RNA-seq; social behavior; species difference; GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; AGONISTIC ENCOUNTERS; ARGININE VASOTOCIN; ARTIFICIAL SELECTION; COLOR PATTERN; MIRROR TESTS; RECEPTORS; LATERALIZATION; HERITABILITY;
D O I
10.1111/gbb.12657
中图分类号
B84 [心理学]; C [社会科学总论]; Q98 [人类学];
学科分类号
03 ; 0303 ; 030303 ; 04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
In Lake Malawi, two ecologically distinct lineages of cichlid fishes (rock- vs sand-dwelling ecotypes, each comprised of over 200 species) evolved within the last million years. The rock-dwelling species (Mbuna) are aggressively territorial year-round and males court and spawn with females over rocky substrate. In contrast, males of sand-dwelling species are not territorial and instead aggregate on seasonal breeding leks in which males construct courtship "bowers" in the sand. However, little is known about how phenotypic variation in aggression is produced by the genome. In this study, we first quantify and compare behavior in seven cichlid species, demonstrating substantial ecotype and species differences in unconditioned mirror-elicited aggression. Second, we compare neural activity in mirror-elicited aggression in two representative species, Mchenga conophoros (sand-dwelling) and Petrotilapia chitimba (rock-dwelling). Finally, we compare gene expression patterns between these two species, specifically within neurons activated during mirror aggression. We identified a large number of genes showing differential expression in mirror-elicited aggression, as well as many genes that differ between ecotypes. These genes, which may underly species differences in behavior, include several neuropeptides, genes involved in the synthesis of steroid hormones and neurotransmitter activity. This work lays the foundation for future experiments using this emerging genetic model system to investigate the genomic basis of evolved species differences in both brain and behavior.
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页数:15
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