A Cross-Cultural Comparison of the Link between Modernization, Anthropomorphism and Attitude to Wildlife

被引:3
作者
Gomez-Melara, Jose Luis [1 ]
Acosta-Naranjo, Rufino [1 ]
Izar, Patricia [2 ]
Sah, Shahrul Anuar Mohd [3 ]
Pladevall, Jordi [4 ]
Maulany, Risma Illa [5 ]
Ngakan, Putu Oka [5 ]
Majolo, Bonaventura [6 ]
Romero, Teresa [7 ]
Amici, Federica [8 ,9 ]
机构
[1] Univ Seville, Dept Social Anthropol, Seville 41004, Spain
[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Expt Psychol, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil
[3] Univ Sains Malaysia, Sch Biol Sci, 1112 Persiaran Sains, Gelugor 11800, Malaysia
[4] Univ Girona, Fdn Innovat & Training, Girona 17004, Spain
[5] Hasanuddin Univ, Forestry Dept, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
[6] Univ Lincoln, Sch Psychol, Lincoln LN6 7TS, England
[7] Univ Lincoln, Sch Life Sci, Lincoln LN6 7TS, England
[8] Univ Leipzig, Inst Biol, Fac Life Sci, D-04109 Leipzig, Germany
[9] Max Planck Inst Evolutionary Anthropol, Dept Human Behav Ecol & Culture, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
基金
巴西圣保罗研究基金会;
关键词
modernization; anthropomorphism; domination; mutualism; attitude; wildlife; VALUE ORIENTATIONS; PET OWNERSHIP; ATTRIBUTION; GENDER; CONSERVATION; MANAGEMENT; EMPATHY; VALUES; STATES; MODEL;
D O I
10.3390/su132313095
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Anthropogenic pressure has significantly increased in the last decades, often enhancing conflicts at the human-wildlife interface. Therefore, understanding peoples' value orientations, attitudes and behavioural intentions towards wildlife is a crucial endeavour to reduce the occurrence of conflicts between humans and wildlife. Previous research in the USA has shown a consistent link between modernization and increased anthropomorphism (i.e., the tendency to attribute human mental or physical characteristics to other entities), leading to positive changes in value orientations, attitudes, and behavioural intentions towards wildlife. In this paper, we aimed to address whether this link is also present in other cultures, by testing participants (N = 741) in five different countries (Brazil, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mexico, and Spain). Our study shows that while the positive link between anthropomorphism, positive attitudes and behavioural intentions towards wildlife is universal, the link between modernization and anthropomorphism is culturally mediated. In some countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Spain), modernization increased anthropomorphism, while in others modernization predicted no differences (Brazil) or even a decrease in anthropomorphism (Mexico), ultimately deteriorating individuals' attitude and behavioural intentions towards wildlife. These results call for caution when generalizing findings from western industrialized countries to inform conservation policies worldwide.
引用
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页数:16
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