Validation of a therapeutic scheme for the treatment of resistant hypertension

We tested the hypothesis that a therapeutic strategy of substituting the diuretic (most commonly hydrochlorothiazide) with chlorthalidone (50 mg/day), and, if needed, the calcium channel blocker with the highest dose of the most commonly used calcium antagonist (amlodipine 10 mg), and adding on top a direct renin inhibitor (aliskiren 300 mg) is effective to treat resistant hypertensive patients not responding to spironolactone. The scheme was tested in a group of 76 patients who had true treatment resistant hypertension (24-hour mean blood pressure >= 130/80 mm Hg while receiving three or more drugs). An effective response to spironolactone was defined as 24-hour ambulatory systolic blood pressure (SBP) drop by more than 20 mm Hg, and was obtained with 25-50 mg in 60 patients (78.9%). In patients with inadequate response to spironolactone (n = 16), we administered the triple combination plus the remaining therapy, a mean decrease of 29 mm Hg (95% CI 11-48; P = .004) for SBP and 12 mm Hg (95% CI: 4-20 mm Hg) for diastolic BP were observed. In only 1 of 16 patients (6%), the response was considered as insufficient. These data indicate the need for further testing this scheme that looks really promising to treat resistant hypertensive patients not responding to spironolactone. J Am Soc Hypertens 2011;5(6):498-504. (C) 2011 American Society of Hypertension. All rights reserved.