Principles of Organization of the Human Eye Retina and Their Use in Computer Vision Systems

This paper provides a summary of principles of organization of the human eye retina. The following principles are considered: locality during interacting neurons, ring organization of receptive fields with on- and off-centers (center-surround organization), specialization of neuron layers, organization of feedbacks, adaptation to lighting and contrast levels, and data volume reduction in a video stream. It is shown that the perfect organization of the human retina being used as a prototype allows to significantly improve technical characteristics of computer vision systems. The results of this research were used in creating a family of intelligent video cameras and a number of systems based on them and also in constructing specialized neural networks for primary information processing directly on a sensor matrix.