Development, validation, and application of a new method for the quantitative determination of monohydrogen-substituted perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (H-PFCAs) in surface water

被引:21
作者
Awchi, Mo [1 ]
Gebbink, Wouter A. [2 ]
Berendsen, Bjorn J. A. [1 ]
Benskin, Jonathan P. [3 ]
van Leeuwen, Stefan P. J. [1 ]
机构
[1] Wageningen Univ & Res, Wageningen Food Safety Res, Akkermaalsbos 2, NL-6708 WB Wageningen, Netherlands
[2] PFA Brussels Sprl, B-1040 Brussels, Belgium
[3] Stockholm Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Stockholm, Sweden
关键词
PFAS; PFCAs; H-PFCAs; LC-MS; MS; Surface water; SUBSTANCES; SUSPECT; SAMPLES; LINE;
D O I
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132143
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a large and diverse class of chemicals. While some have been phased out internationally due to concerns over their human and environmental health risks, novel alternative PFASs continue to be manufactured and detected in environmental samples. The occurrence and fate of these alternatives remain poorly understood. The present study investigated the occurrence of an emerging class of PFAS alternative, the monohydrogen-substituted perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (H-PFCAs), in conjunction with the more well-known PFCAs. A weak anion exchange solid phase extraction-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for quantitative determination of H-PFCAs in surface water was developed, validated, and applied on samples collected from the Netherlands. To improve chromatography, especially for short-chain (H-) PFCAs, an ion-pairing agent, tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulphate, was used. The method was validated for linearity (R2 > 0.99), instrumental detection limits (0.01-0.09 ng/mL), method detection limits (0.03-0.75 ng/ mL), matrix effects (<20%), percent absolute- and relative recovery (57-121%), trueness (130-80%), repeatability (<20%), and within-lab reproducibility (<20%). Eleven out of fourteen PFASs showed acceptable results. Application of the newly validated method to surface water throughout the Netherlands revealed trace levels of H-PFCAs (including two new H-PFCAs) and high concentrations of PFCAs.
引用
收藏
页数:7
相关论文
共 30 条
[1]  
[Anonymous], CAS NO 335 67 1 PFOA
[2]   Suspect and Nontarget Screening Revealed Class-Specific Temporal Trends (2000-2017) of Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances in St. Lawrence Beluga Whales [J].
Barrett, Holly ;
Du, Xuan ;
Houde, Magali ;
Lair, Stephane ;
Verreault, Jonathan ;
Peng, Hui .
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 2021, 55 (03) :1659-1671
[3]   The analysis of perfluoroalkyl substances at ppt level in milk and egg using UHPLC-MS/MS [J].
Berendsen, B. J. A. ;
Lakraoui, F. ;
Leenders, L. ;
van Leeuwen, S. P. J. .
FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT, 2020, 37 (10) :1707-1718
[4]  
Buck Robert C., 2011, Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, V7, P513, DOI 10.1002/ieam.258
[5]  
DeWitt JC, 2015, MOLEC INTEGR TOXICOL, P1, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-15518-0
[6]  
EPA, 2000, EPA 3M ANNOUNCE PHAS
[7]   Analysis of perfluorinated phosponic acids and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid in water, sludge and sediment by LC-MS/MS [J].
Esparza, X. ;
Moyano, E. ;
de Boer, J. ;
Galceran, M. T. ;
van Leeuwen, S. P. J. .
TALANTA, 2011, 86 :329-336
[8]  
EU E.C, 2002, OFFICIAL J EUROPEAN
[9]  
EURL P., 2019, SANTE126822019
[10]   ADONA and perfluoroalkylated substances in plasma samples of German blood donors living in South Germany [J].
Fromme, Hermann ;
Woeckner, Mandy ;
Roscher, Eike ;
Voelkel, Wolfgang .
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH, 2017, 220 (02) :455-460