How to compare instrumental variable and conventional regression analyses using negative controls and bias plots

被引：39

作者：

Davies, Neil M. ^{[1
,2
]}

Thomas, Kyla H. ^{[1
]}

Taylor, Amy E. ^{[1
,3
]}

Taylor, Gemma M. J. ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Martin, Richard M. ^{[1
,2
]}

Munafo, Marcus R. ^{[1
,3
]}

Windmeijer, Frank ^{[1
,4
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Bristol, Integrat Epidemiol Unit, MRC, Bristol BS8 2BN, Avon, England

[2] Univ Bristol, Sch Social & Community Med, Bristol, Avon, England

[3] Univ Bristol, UK Ctr Tobacco & Alcohol Studies, Bristol, Avon, England

[4] Univ Bristol, Dept Econ, Bristol, Avon, England

来源：

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY | 2017年 / 46卷 / 06期

基金：

英国医学研究理事会; 英国经济与社会研究理事会;

关键词：

Instrumental variables; negative controls; pharmacoepidemiology; causal inference; NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS; ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC MEDICATIONS; POTENTIAL INSTRUMENT; CAUSAL INFERENCE; BINARY OUTCOMES; ELDERLY USERS; IDENTIFICATION; DEATH; RISK; EPIDEMIOLOGISTS;

D O I：

10.1093/ije/dyx014

中图分类号：

R1 [预防医学、卫生学];

学科分类号：

1004 ; 120402 ;

摘要：

There is increasing interest in the use of instrumental variable analysis to overcome unmeasured confounding in observational pharmacoepidemiological studies. This is partly because instrumental variable analyses are potentially less biased than conventional regression analyses. However, instrumental variable analyses are less precise, and regulators and clinicians find it difficult to interpret conflicting evidence from instrumental variable compared with conventional regression analyses. In this paper, we describe three techniques to assess which approach (instrumental variable versus conventional regression analyses) is least biased. These techniques are negative control outcomes, negative control populations and tests of covariate balance. We illustrate these methods using an analysis of the effects of smoking cessation therapies (varenicline) prescribed in primary care.

引用

页码：2067 / 2077

页数：11

共 30 条

[11] COX-2 Selective Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Risk of Gastrointestinal Tract Complications and Myocardial Infarction An Instrumental Variable Analysis [J].