Ancient DNA and deep population structure in sub-Saharan African foragers

被引：51
作者：
Lipson, Mark [1 ,2 ]
Sawchuk, Elizabeth A. [3 ,4 ]
Thompson, Jessica C. [5 ,6 ,7 ]
Oppenheimer, Jonas [8 ]
Tryon, Christian A. [9 ,10 ,11 ]
Ranhorn, Kathryn L. [7 ]
de Luna, Kathryn M. [12 ]
Sirak, Kendra A. [1 ,2 ]
Olalde, Inigo [1 ,13 ]
Ambrose, Stanley H. [14 ]
Arthur, John W. [15 ]
Arthur, Kathryn J. W. [15 ]
Ayodo, George [16 ]
Bertacchi, Alex [5 ,6 ]
Cerezo-Roman, Jessica, I [17 ]
Culleton, Brendan J. [18 ,19 ]
Curtis, Matthew C. [20 ]
Davis, Jacob
Gidna, Agness O. [21 ]
Hanson, Annalys [22 ]
Kaliba, Potiphar [23 ]
Katongo, Maggie [24 ,25 ]
Kwekason, Amandus [21 ]
Laird, Myra F. [26 ]
Lewis, Jason [4 ]
Mabulla, Audax Z. P. [27 ]
Mapemba, Fredrick [23 ]
Morris, Alan [28 ]
Mudenda, George [25 ]
Mwafulirwa, Raphael [29 ]
Mwangomba, Daudi [30 ]
Ndiema, Emmanuel [31 ]
Ogola, Christine [31 ]
Schilt, Flora [32 ]
Willoughby, Pamela R. [3 ]
Wright, David K. [33 ,34 ]
Zipkin, Andrew [35 ]
Pinhasi, Ron [36 ,37 ]
Kennett, Douglas J. [38 ]
Manthi, Fredrick Kyalo [31 ]
Rohland, Nadin [1 ]
Patterson, Nick [2 ]
Reich, David [1 ,2 ,39 ,40 ]
Prendergast, Mary E. [1 ,24 ]
机构：
[1] Harvard Med Sch, Dept Genet, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[2] Harvard Univ, Dept Human Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
[3] Univ Alberta, Dept Anthropol, Edmonton, AB, Canada
[4] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Anthropol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA
[5] Yale Univ, Dept Anthropol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA
[6] Yale Univ, Peabody Museum Nat Hist, New Haven, CT 06520 USA
[7] Arizona State Univ, Sch Human Evolut & Social Change, Inst Human Origins, Tempe, AZ 85281 USA
[8] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Biomol Engn, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA
[9] Univ Connecticut, Dept Anthropol, Storrs, CT USA
[10] Harvard Univ, Dept Anthropol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
[11] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Human Origins Program, Washington, DC 20560 USA
[12] Georgetown Univ, Dept Hist, Washington, DC 20057 USA
[13] Univ Basque Country, BIOMICs Res Grp, UPV EHU, Vitoria, Spain
[14] Univ Illinois, Dept Anthropol, Urbana, IL USA
[15] Univ S Florida, Dept Anthropol, St Petersburg, FL USA
[16] Jaram Oginga Odinga Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Hlth Sci, Bondo, Kenya
[17] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Anthropol, Norman, OK 73019 USA
[18] Penn State Univ, Inst Energy, University Pk, PA 16802 USA
[19] Penn State Univ, Inst Environm, University Pk, PA 16802 USA
[20] Calif State Univ Channel Isl, Anthropol Program, Camarillo, CA USA
[21] Natl Museums Tanzania, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
[22] Sol Solut LLC, Scottsdale, AZ USA
[23] Malawi Dept Museums & Monuments, Lilongwe, Malawi
[24] Rice Univ, Dept Anthropol, Houston, TX 77005 USA
[25] Livingstone Museum, Livingstone, Zambia
[26] Univ Southern Calif, Dept Integrat Anat Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA
[27] Univ Dar Salaam, Dept Archaeol & Heritage Studies, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
[28] Univ Cape Town, Dept Human Biol, Cape Town, South Africa
[29] Mzuzu Univ, Mzuzu, Malawi
[30] Univ Malawi, Zomba, Malawi
[31] Natl Museums Kenya, Dept Earth Sci, Nairobi, Kenya
[32] Univ Algarve, Interdisciplinary Ctr Archaeol & Evolut Human Beh, FCHS, Faro, Portugal
[33] Univ Oslo, Dept Archaeol Conservat & Hist, Oslo, Norway
[34] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Earth Environm, State Key Lab Loess & Quaternary Geol, Xian, Peoples R China
[35] Arizona State Univ, Sch Human Evolut & Social Change, Tempe, AZ USA
[36] Univ Vienna, Dept Evolutionary Anthropol, Vienna, Austria
[37] Univ Vienna, Human Evolut & Archaeol Sci HEAS, Vienna, Austria
[38] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Anthropol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
[39] Broad Inst Harvard & MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
[40] Harvard Med Sch, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA
来源：
NATURE | 2022年 / 603卷 / 7900期
关键词：
HUNTER-GATHERERS; GENOME SEQUENCE; STONE-AGE; HISTORY; MIGRATION; ADMIXTURE; ORIGIN; MTDNA; CAVE; TREE;
D O I：
10.1038/s41586-022-04430-9
中图分类号：
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号：
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要：
Multiple lines of genetic and archaeological evidence suggest that there were major demographic changes in the terminal Late Pleistocene epoch and early Holocene epoch of sub-Saharan Africa(1-4). Inferences about this period are challenging to make because demographic shifts in the past 5,000 years have obscured the structures of more ancient populations(3,5). Here we present genome-wide ancient DNA data for six individuals from eastern and south-central Africa spanning the past approximately 18,000 years (doubling the time depth of sub-Saharan African ancient DNA), increase the data quality for 15 previously published ancient individuals and analyse these alongside data from 13 other published ancient individuals. The ancestry of the individuals in our study area can be modelled as a geographically structured mixture of three highly divergent source populations, probably reflecting Pleistocene interactions around 80-20 thousand years ago, including deeply diverged eastern and southern African lineages, plus a previously unappreciated ubiquitous distribution of ancestry that occurs in highest proportion today in central African rainforest hunter-gatherers. Once established, this structure remained highly stable, with limited long-range gene flow. These results provide a new line of genetic evidence in support of hypotheses that have emerged from archaeological analyses but remain contested, suggesting increasing regionalization at the end of the Pleistocene epoch.
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页码：290 / +
页数：21
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