Clinical outcomes of pediatric patients treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Objective: To identify factors related to mortality, and evaluate the survival of pediatric patients treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Methods: A retrospective cohort study that included pediatric patients using the device in the last five years. The groups were divided into those who survived after therapy, and those who did not. Multivariate logistic regression was used for assessing the predictive factors of death, and the Kaplan-Meier and log-rank for assessing survival. Results: Left ventricular ejection fraction was higher in the group of survivors (74% + 14.6% vs 56.2% + 22%, p = 0.038), and the number of patients who required dialysis was higher in the group of non-survivors (52.4% vs. 12.5%, p = 0.039), showing significantly lower survival in this group (log-rank = 0.020). Conclusion: Previous ventricular dysfunction, evidenced by a left ventricular ejection fraction <55%, and requirement of concomitant renal replacement therapy, increased the risk of death.