Nonproportional response of LaBr3:Ce and LaCl3:Ce scintillators to synchrotron x-ray irradiation

The nonproportional scintillation response of LaBr3 doped with 5% Ce3+ and of LaCl3 doped with 10% Ce3+ was measured using highly monochromatic synchrotron irradiation. To estimate the photon response, pulse height spectra at many finely spaced energy values between 9 and 100 keV were measured. The experiment was carried out at the X-1 beamline at the Hamburger Synhrotronstrahlungslabor (HASYLAB) synchrotron radiation facility in Hamburg, Germany. Special attention was paid to the x-ray fluorescence escape peaks as they provide us with additional information about photon response in the range 1.2-14.5 keV for LaBr3:Ce and 2.0-11.6 keV for LaCl3:Ce. A rapid variation of the photon response curve is observed near the lanthanum K-electron binding energy for both scintillators. A dense sampling of data was performed around this energy and those data are used to apply a method, which we call K-dip spectroscopy. This method allows us to derive the electron response curves of LaBr3:Ce and LaCl3:Ce down to energies as low as 0.1 keV.