Cascaded Spintronic Logic Gates based on Graphene Nanoribbon Magnetoresistance: All-Carbon Spin Logic

The extremely large magnetoresistance demonstrated with graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) is highly attractive as a potential spintronic switch. To develop a computing system in which GNRs can be cascaded requires a mechanism for transforming the GNR resistance into a magnetic field that can activate the magnetoresistance of other GNRs. All-carbon spin logic provides this necessary direct cascading by routing the GNR current through carbon nanotubes (CNTs) positioned adjacent to other GNRs. Applying a constant voltage bias across each CNT-GNR-CNT path results in a magnetic field-dependent electrical current that can perform logical functions, providing a scaling path toward large-scale computing systems.