Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and intramuscular tramadol in llamas

被引：10

作者：

Cox, S. ^{[1
]}

Martin-Jimenez, T. ^{[1
]}

van Amstel, S. ^{[2
]}

Doherty, T. ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Tennessee, Dept Comparat Med, Coll Vet Med, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA

[2] Univ Tennessee, Dept Large Anim Clin Sci, Coll Vet Med, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA

来源：

JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS | 2011年 / 34卷 / 03期

关键词：

O-DESMETHYLTRAMADOL; METABOLITES M1; CYP2D6; INHIBITOR; MORPHINE; HORSES; RAT; M5; M2;

D O I：

10.1111/j.1365-2885.2010.01219.x

中图分类号：

R9 [药学];

学科分类号：

1007 ;

摘要：

The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of tramadol and its metabolite M1 after intravenous and intramuscular administration to llamas. Tramadol, a centrally acting analgesic whose efficacy is a result of complex interactions between opiate, adrenergic and serotonin receptor systems, has been used clinically to treat moderate to severe pain in humans. The pharmacokinetic parameters of tramadol and M1 in plasma were examined following intravenous and intramuscular administration to six healthy male llamas. Tramadol half-life, volume of distribution at steady-state and clearance after intravenous administration were 2.12 +/- 0.37 h, 4.02 +/- 1.16 L/kg and 1728.73 +/- 152.82 mL/h/kg, respectively. The bioavailability was 110 +/- 21% and half-life 2.54 +/- 0.31 h following intramuscular administration of tramadol. M1 had a half-life of 10.40 +/- 2.90 h and 7.71 +/- 0.54 h following intravenous and intramuscular administration of tramadol.

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页码：259 / 264

页数：6

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