Structural Effects on HIV Risk Among Youth: A Multi-level Analysis

被引:10
作者
Miller, Robin Lin [1 ]
Strzyzykowski, Trevor [1 ]
Lee, Kyung-Sook [2 ]
Chiaramonte, Danielle [1 ]
Acevedo-Polakovich, Ignacio [1 ]
Spring, Hannah [1 ]
Santiago-Rivera, Olga [3 ]
Boyer, Cherrie B. [4 ]
Ellen, Jonathan M. [5 ]
机构
[1] Michigan State Univ, Dept Psychol, 316 Phys Rd,Psychol Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA
[2] Michigan State Univ, Off Univ Outreach & Engagement, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA
[3] Michigan State Univ, Sch Social Work, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA
[4] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pediat, San Francisco, CA USA
[5] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
关键词
Structural stigma; Concentrated disadvantage; HIV risk behavior; High-risk youth; AFRICAN-AMERICAN YOUTH; YOUNG MEN; NEIGHBORHOOD POVERTY; HEALTH-CARE; SEXUAL RISK; STIGMA; ADOLESCENT; BLACK; COMMUNITY; PEOPLE;
D O I
10.1007/s10461-018-2031-7
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
We proposed a multilevel model of structural influences on HIV-risky sexual partnerships in a diverse sample of 1793 youth residing in 23 states and the District of Columbia. We examined the influence of concentrated disadvantage, HIV stigma, and sexual and gender minority stigma on engagement in HIV risky sexual partnerships and whether youth's participation in opportunity structures, anticipation of HIV stigma, and perceptions of their community as youth-supportive settings mediated structural effects. After controlling for age, HIV status, and race, we found structural HIV stigma had deleterious indirect effects on youth's participation in HIV-risky sexual partnerships. Concentrated disadvantage and structural sexual and gender minority stigma had direct negative effects on youth's perceptions of their communities as supportive and on their participation in prosocial activity. Support perceptions had direct, protective effects on avoidance of HIV-risky sexual partnerships. Structural stigma undermines youth's belief that their communities invest in their safety and well-being. ResumenPropusimos un modelo multinivel de las influencias estructurales sobrelas relaciones sexuales con riesgo de VIH en una muestra diversa de 1793 jovenes residentes en 23 estados y el Distrito de Columbia.Examinamos la influencia de la desventaja concentrada, el estigma delVIH y los estigmas de minorias sexuales y de genero sobre la participacion en relaciones sexuales con riesgo de VIH, y si laparticipacion de los jovenes en estructuras de oportunidad, suanticipacion del estigma del VIH, y su percepcion de la comunidad comolugar de apoyo a los jovenes intermedian a los efectos estructurales. Despues de controlar la edad, el estado serologico y la raza de losjovenes, descubrimos que el estigma estructural del VIH tuvo efectosindirectos perjudiciales sobre la participacion de los jovenes enrelaciones sexuales con riesgo de VIH. La desventaja concentrada y los estigmas de minorias sexuales y degenero tuvieron efectos negativos directos sobre las percepciones delos jovenes acerca de sus comunidades como lugares de apoyo y sobre suparticipacion en actividades pro-sociales. Las percepciones de apoyo tuvieron efectos directos de proteccion sobre la evasion de relaciones sexuales con riesgo de VIH. El estigma estructural disminuye en losjovenes la creencia que sus comunidades invierten en su seguridad ybienestar.
引用
收藏
页码:3451 / 3467
页数:17
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