Absolute work function measurement by using photoelectron spectroscopy

被引：20
作者：
Kim, Jeong Won [1 ,2 ]
Kim, Ansoon [1 ,2 ]
机构：
[1] Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci KRISS, 267 Gajeong Ro, Daejeon 34113, South Korea
[2] Univ Sci & Technol UST, 217 Gajeong Ro, Daejeon 34113, South Korea
来源：
CURRENT APPLIED PHYSICS | 2021年 / 31卷 / 31期
基金：
新加坡国家研究基金会;
关键词：
Work function; Photoelectron spectroscopy; Surface electric dipole; ENERGY-LEVEL ALIGNMENT; KELVIN PROBE; EMISSION PROPERTIES; ELECTRON-EMISSION; SURFACE-ENERGY; BINDING-ENERGY; METAL; INTERFACES; EFFICIENCY; DENSITY;
D O I：
10.1016/j.cap.2021.07.018
中图分类号：
T [工业技术];
学科分类号：
08 ;
摘要：
Work function (WF) of a material is not only an intrinsic characteristic of bulk but also a surface property. The measurement and control of WF have been of great concern in many electronic and optical devices as the WF governs charge transfer and charge injection/collection efficiency at interfaces and emission characteristics of conventional charged particle emitters. Photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) has been mainly used to determine surface electronic structure and chemical composition. Despite the common use of this technique to measure WF, there has been a lack of discussion on how to use the PES and what to be considered to determine the absolute WF. The main contribution of this review lies in the discussion of the causes of errors when measuring WF, and provides a guide for reliable WF measurement. Along with the limitations of current measurement technology, we propose future directions for absolute WF measurement.
引用
收藏
页码：52 / 59
页数：8
相关论文
共 83 条
[1]  
[Anonymous], 193182004 ISO
[2]   Direct Work Function Measurement by Gas Phase Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Its Application on PbS Nanoparticles [J].
Axnanda, Stephanus ;
Scheele, Marcus ;
Crumlin, Ethan ;
Mao, Baohua ;
Chang, Rui ;
Rani, Sana ;
Faiz, Mohamed ;
Wang, Suidong ;
Alivisatos, A. Paul ;
Liu, Zhi .
NANO LETTERS, 2013, 13 (12) :6176-6182
[3]   XPS guide: Charge neutralization and binding energy referencing for insulating samples [J].
Baer, Donald R. ;
Artyushkova, Kateryna ;
Cohen, Hagai ;
Easton, Christopher D. ;
Engelhard, Mark ;
Gengenbach, Thomas R. ;
Greczynski, Grzegorz ;
Mack, Paul ;
Morgan, David J. ;
Roberts, Adam .
JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A, 2020, 38 (03)
[4]   Near ambient pressure photoemission spectroscopy of metal and semiconductor surfaces [J].
Baikie, Iain D. ;
Grain, Angela ;
Sutherland, James ;
Law, Jamie .
PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI C: CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, VOL 12, NO 3, 2015, 12 (03) :259-262
[5]   Structure-Property Relationship of Phenylene-Based Self-Assembled Monolayers for Record Low Work Function of Indium Tin Oxide [J].
Benneckendorf, Frank S. ;
Hillebrandt, Sabina ;
Ullrich, Florian ;
Rohnacher, Valentina ;
Hietzschold, Sebastian ;
Jaensch, Daniel ;
Freudenberg, Jan ;
Beck, Sebastian ;
Mankel, Eric ;
Jaegermann, Wolfram ;
Pucci, Annemarie ;
Bunz, Uwe H. F. ;
Muellen, Klaus .
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS, 2018, 9 (13) :3731-3737
[6]   A density functional theory study of adsorbate-induced work function change and binding energy: Olefins on Ag(111) [J].
Bocquet, ML ;
Rappe, AM ;
Dai, HL .
MOLECULAR PHYSICS, 2005, 103 (6-8) :883-890
[7]   Energy-Level Alignment at Organic/Metal and Organic/Organic Interfaces [J].
Braun, Slawomir ;
Salaneck, William R. ;
Fahlman, Mats .
ADVANCED MATERIALS, 2009, 21 (14-15) :1450-1472
[8]  
BRILLSON LJ, 1978, J VAC SCI TECHNOL, V15, P1378, DOI 10.1116/1.569792
[9]   Electron energetics at surfaces and interfaces: Concepts and experiments [J].
Cahen, D ;
Kahn, A .
ADVANCED MATERIALS, 2003, 15 (04) :271-277
[10]  
Cardona M., 1978, Photoemission in Solids. 1: General Principles
123456789