Ion-conductive gradient sodiophilic 3D scaffold induced homogeneous sodium deposition for highly stable sodium metal batteries

被引：46

作者：

Zhuang, Yanping ^{[1
]}

Deng, Dongyuan ^{[1
]}

Lin, Liang ^{[1
]}

Liu, Ben ^{[1
]}

Qu, Shasha ^{[1
]}

Li, Saichao ^{[1
]}

Zhang, Yinggan ^{[1
]}

Sa, Baisheng ^{[3
]}

Wang, Laisen ^{[1
]}

Wei, Qiulong ^{[1
]}

Mai, Liqiang ^{[2
]}

Peng, Dong-Liang ^{[1
]}

Xie, Qingshui ^{[1
,4
]}

机构：

[1] Xiamen Univ, Coll Mat, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Chem Energy Mat, State Key Lab Phys Chem Solid Surfaces,Fujian Key, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China

[2] Wuhan Univ Technol, State Key Lab Adv Technol Mat Synth & Proc, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China

[3] Fuzhou Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Multiscale Computat Mat Facil, Fuzhou 350100, Peoples R China

[4] Xiamen Univ, Shenzhen Res Inst, Shenzhen 518000, Peoples R China

来源：

NANO ENERGY | 2022年 / 97卷

基金：

中国国家自然科学基金;

关键词：

Gradient sodiophilic scaffold; Porous configuration; Bottom-up" deposition; Sodium metal anodes; Cycling performance; DENDRITE-FREE; CARBON NANOFIBERS; CURRENT COLLECTOR; NA; ANODES; HOST;

D O I：

10.1016/j.nanoen.2022.107202

中图分类号：

O64 [物理化学（理论化学）、化学物理学];

学科分类号：

070304 ; 081704 ;

摘要：

Sodium (Na) metal is considered as an appealing anode material for high-energy density Na batteries owing to its low cost, low redox potential and high theoretical capacity. However, several issues triggered by the uncontrolled Na dendrites hinder the practical applications of Na metal anodes, such as the poor cycling reversibility, short lifespan and even the unexpected safety hazard. Herein, the gradient SnO2-modified 3D carbon nanofibers (SnO2-CNFs) scaffold is fabricated, in which, the in-situ formed sodiophilic Na-Sn alloys and Na2O during initial cycle can guide Na homogeneous deposition in a "bottom-up" mode. Moreover, Na2O with excellent ionconductivity can decrease diffusion barrier to promote fast Na+ ion diffusion and uniform deposition into the scaffold. These features have positive effect on not only inhibiting dendrite growth but also improving space utilization of the 3D scaffold. As a result, the designed SnO2-CNFs electrode can maintain a high Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 99.88% after 1500 cycles (3000 h) at 3 mA cm-2 and 3 mAh cm-2. Besides, it can attain a CE of 99.68% after 400 cycles (800 h) when the current density and areal capacity increase to 5 mA cm-2 and 5 mAh cm-2. For the symmetric cell assembled by SnO2-CNFs@Na electrodes, excellent cycling performance for 1500 h at 5 mA cm-2 and 5 mAh cm-2 is displayed. Moreover, the assembled full cell using Na3V2(PO4)3@C@CNTs as cathode and SnO2-CNFs@Na as anode exhibits an outstanding capacity retention of 95.1% after 400 cycles at a large current density of 5 C, evidencing the feasible application of the designed SnO2-CNFs scaffold to realize stable Na metal anodes for advanced Na metal batteries.

引用

页数：13