Medical and dietary treatments in eosinophilic esophagitis

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) refers to a relatively new chronic inflammatory disease of the esophagus, which according to the current understanding underlies an immune-mediated pathogenesis driven by exposure to allergens. While several open questions remain regarding ethiopathogenesis as well as treatment options and their positioning, one thing has increasingly been recognized. The disease is on the rise and will increasingly be of importance in everyday's clinical practice, not only in expert physicians but also gastroenterologists with a broad clinical spectrum, allergologists and even general practitioners. The aim of this review is to provide a current overview on EoE treatment, including the rationale and endpoints of treatment in EoE, medical treatment options - providing the standard of current care, second-line options and outlook to emerging therapies - as well as dietary elimination approaches.