Temporal Viability of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus Eggs Using Two Hygroscopic Substances as Preservatives under a Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) Program in Southern Mexico

Simple Summary Diseases transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, such as dengue, Zika, and chikungunya, are a public health problem of growing global concern. There are several strategies for mosquito control. One of them is the Sterile Insect Technique, which is a method of breeding millions of mosquitoes, where radiation is used in males to sterilize them. Then, the males are released into the wild. These sterile males mate with wild females without having offspring, thus decreasing field populations. However, one of the problems is being able to have a large number of viable eggs for these field operations. Therefore, this study evaluates the temporal viability of Aedes mosquito eggs employing two substances, such as hydrolyzed collagen and Hyalurosmooth(R). These two moisturizing substances maintained viable Aedes. aegypti eggs for up to eight weeks. Dengue and other Aedes-borne diseases have dramatically increased over the last decades. The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) has been successfully used as part of integrated pest strategies to control populations of insect-plant and livestock pests and is currently being tested as a potential method to reduce mosquito populations in an environmentally friendly approach. However, during the mass rearing steps needed to produce millions of mosquitoes, egg storage and preservation are essential for a certain amount of time. Eggs of Aedes aegypti have a chorionic pad that functions as a sticky substance to glue them onto the inner walls of larval breeding sites. The chorionic pad is chemically made of hyaluronic acid, a hygroscopic compound, responsible to protect them from desiccation over time. Two commercial products with hygroscopic properties, hydrolyzed collagen, and Hyalurosmooth(R), both were tested to assess their ability to prolong egg life storage for A. aegypti and A. albopictus. Results showed that 85-95% of Ae. aegypti eggs were able to hatch up to week 8 after being treated with both hydrophilic compounds, compared with the control 66.3%. These two substances showed promising effects for keeping Ae. aegypti eggs viable during prolonged storage in mass rearing insect production focused on vector control SIT programs.