The Spl (1546G>T) polymorphism of the CollA1 gene and the Fokl (3663T>C) polymorphism of the vitamin D receptor gene have been studied in patients with syringomyelia and controls of different ethnic origin (Tartars, Bashkirs, Russians). Ethnic differences in allele and genotype frequencies have been revealed in the control group. Frequency of the s allele of the CollA1 gene was higher in Russian patients and that of the Fokl FF genotype in Tartar patients. The data obtained suggest a possible role of these genes in the pathogenesis of syringomyelia.