TIME-INTEGRATED SEARCHES FOR POINT-LIKE SOURCES OF NEUTRINOS WITH THE 40-STRING IceCube DETECTOR

被引:137
作者
Abbasi, R. [1 ]
Abdou, Y. [2 ]
Abu-Zayyad, T. [3 ]
Adams, J. [4 ]
Aguilar, J. A. [1 ]
Ahlers, M. [5 ]
Andeen, K. [1 ]
Auffenberg, J. [6 ]
Bai, X. [7 ,8 ]
Baker, M. [1 ]
Barwick, S. W. [9 ]
Bay, R. [10 ]
Alba, J. L. Bazo [11 ]
Beattie, K. [12 ]
Beatty, J. J. [13 ,14 ,15 ]
Bechet, S. [16 ]
Becker, J. K. [17 ]
Becker, K-H [6 ]
Benabderrahmane, M. L. [11 ]
BenZvi, S. [1 ]
Berdermann, J. [11 ]
Berghaus, P. [1 ]
Berley, D. [18 ]
Bernardini, E. [11 ]
Bertrand, D. [16 ]
Besson, D. Z. [19 ]
Bissok, M. [20 ]
Blaufuss, E. [18 ]
Blumenthal, J. [20 ]
Boersma, D. J. [20 ]
Bohm, C. [21 ,22 ]
Bose, D. [23 ]
Boeser, S. [24 ]
Botner, O. [25 ]
Braun, J. [1 ]
Brown, A. M. [4 ]
Buitink, S. [12 ]
Carson, M. [2 ]
Chirkin, D. [1 ]
Christy, B. [18 ]
Clem, J. [7 ,8 ]
Clevermann, F. [26 ]
Cohen, S. [27 ]
Colnard, C. [28 ]
Cowen, D. F. [29 ,30 ]
D'Agostino, M. V. [10 ]
Danninger, M. [21 ,22 ]
Daughhetee, J. [31 ,32 ]
Davis, J. C. [13 ,14 ]
De Clercq, C. [23 ]
机构
[1] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA
[2] Univ Ghent, Dept Subatom & Radiat Phys, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
[3] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA
[4] Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch, New Zealand
[5] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3NP, England
[6] Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
[7] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA
[8] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA
[9] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
[10] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
[11] DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany
[12] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
[13] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
[14] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
[15] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
[16] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
[17] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
[18] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
[19] Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA
[20] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
[21] Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
[22] Stockholm Univ, Deptartment Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
[23] Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
[24] Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
[25] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
[26] TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
[27] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, High Energy Phys Lab, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
[28] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69177 Heidelberg, Germany
[29] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA
[30] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA
[31] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
[32] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
[33] Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA
[34] Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA
[35] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA
[36] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G7, Canada
[37] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
[38] Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
[39] Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan
[40] Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
[41] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA
[42] Univ W Indies, Dept Phys, BB-11000 Bridgetown, Barbados
[43] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
[44] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA
基金
瑞典研究理事会; 美国国家科学基金会; 瑞士国家科学基金会;
关键词
astroparticle physics; cosmic rays; neutrinos; GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; COSMIC-RAYS; ENERGY; GALAXIES; CLUSTERS; ASTRONOMY; SELECTION; KNEE; MUON; FLUX;
D O I
10.1088/0004-637X/732/1/18
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
We present the results of time-integrated searches for astrophysical neutrino sources in both the northern and southern skies. Data were collected using the partially completed IceCube detector in the 40-string configuration recorded between 2008 April 5 and 2009 May 20, totaling 375.5 days livetime. An unbinned maximum likelihood ratio method is used to search for astrophysical signals. The data sample contains 36,900 events: 14,121 from the northern sky, mostly muons induced by atmospheric neutrinos, and 22,779 from the southern sky, mostly high-energy atmospheric muons. The analysis includes searches for individual point sources and stacked searches for sources in a common class, sometimes including a spatial extent. While this analysis is sensitive to TeV-PeV energy neutrinos in the northern sky, it is primarily sensitive to neutrinos with energy greater than about 1 PeV in the southern sky. No evidence for a signal is found in any of the searches. Limits are set for neutrino fluxes from astrophysical sources over the entire sky and compared to predictions. The sensitivity is at least a factor of two better than previous searches (depending on declination), with 90% confidence level muon neutrino flux upper limits being between E(2)d Phi/dE similar to 2-200 x 10(-12) TeV cm(-2) s(-1) in the northern sky and between 3-700 x 10(-12) TeV cm(-2) s(-1) in the southern sky. The stacked source searches provide the best limits to specific source classes. The full IceCube detector is expected to improve the sensitivity to d Phi/dE proportional to E-2 sources by another factor of two in the first year of operation.
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页数:16
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