Vertical stratification of aerosols over South Asian cities

被引:9
作者
Banerjee, Tirthankar [1 ,2 ]
Anchule, Avinash [1 ]
Sorek-Hamer, Meytar [3 ,4 ]
Latif, Mohd T. [5 ]
机构
[1] Banaras Hindu Univ, Inst Environm & Sustainable Dev, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
[2] Banaras Hindu Univ, DST Mahamana Ctr Excellence Climate Change Res, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
[3] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD USA
[4] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
[5] Univ Kebangsaan Malaysia, Dept Earth Sci & Environm, Bangi, Malaysia
关键词
Aerosol type; CALIPSO; Carbonaceous aerosols; Dust; Urban aerosols; Vertical distribution; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; ORGANIC AEROSOLS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOL; PARTICULATE MATTER; BURNING EMISSIONS; BOUNDARY-LAYER; TRANSPORT; PM2.5; CLIMATOLOGY;
D O I
10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119776
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
This study examines vertically resolved aerosol optical properties retrieved from Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) onboard CALIPSO satellite over several cities across South Asia from March 2010 to February 2021. Atmospheric layer-specific stratification of aerosols and dominant aerosol sub-types was recognized over each city with their seasonal trends. A contrasting pattern in aerosol vertical distribution over cities across Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) was noted compared to non-IGP cities, with considerable dependency on geographic location of the city itself. In all the cases, total extinction decreased with increasing altitude however, with varying degree of slope. A clear intrusion of transported aerosols at higher altitude (>3 km) was also evident. Extinction coefficient of type-separated aerosols indicate robust contribution of smoke aerosols, urban aerosols/polluted dust, and mineral dust below 3 km height. At higher altitude (>3 km), dust and urban aerosols dominate over majority of the stations. Overall, 51% of total columnar aerosols remained within 0-1 km height over South Asian cities, slightly high over the IGP (57%) against non-IGP cities (39%). Such distribution also has a seasonal pattern with higher fraction of aerosols remaining below 1 km during post-monsoon (October-No-vember, 62%) and winter (December-February, 72%) compared to summer months (March-May, 39%). When partitioned against planetary boundary layer (PBL), 41% (59%) of aerosols remained within the PBL (free troposphere) that too exhibiting strong diurnal variations irrespective of seasons. Dominating aerosol types and their contribution to total aerosol loading was explored by comparing type-based aerosol extinction against total aerosol extinction. Dust, smoke and urban aerosols emerged as three predominating aerosol types, while pres-ence of marine aerosol was noted over the coastal cities. Major fraction of smoke and urban aerosols remained within 2 km height from surface. In contrast, efficient transport of dust aerosol above 2 km height was evident particularly over IGP during summer.
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页数:13
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