Understanding How in-Prison Experiences Influence Female Offenders' Maladjustment to Prison

Despite considerable growth in the incarcerated female population over the past several decades, this group has received less empirical attention compared to incarcerated males. This is particularly salient when examining trending topics including confinement in restrictive housing and perceptions of correctional staff. In an effort to address these concerns, this study uses Differential Coercion and Social Support (DCSS) theory to understand maladjustment among female offenders that includes assault misconduct, institutionalized resistance (filing grievances), and mental health problems. Several logistic regression analyses with robust standard errors reveal sources of coercion, like confinement in restrictive housing, are significantly associated with maladjustment outcomes. Sources of social support (e.g., family visits) also influence maladjustment outcomes, but the effects vary by type of support and the outcome examined. DCSS provides an understanding of maladjustment within institutional settings for women, and policy implications include continued efforts to provide institutionally approved methods to handle disputes and other institutionalized forms of resistance.