Risk Mitigation Measures for Coronavirus Disease 2019

Since December 2019, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) broke out in China and soon spread worldwide. The once-in-a-century pandemic brought unexpected effect on both economy and health globally. Up to August 12, 2020, more than 20 million cases have been diagnosed across nearly 200 countries. In some countries such as the United States and India, confirmed cases are still increasing substantially. However, China, as the most severe one in the early stage of the outbreak, has curbed epidemic and saved lives rapidly. The intention of this review is to discuss effective risk mitigation measures, with the main focus on those applied in China, aiming to provide actionable and achievable guidance for the fight against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the world. We analyzed, evaluated and summarized the crucial strategies, including risk communication, quarantine and isolation, vaccine and antiviral administration. The above risk mitigation measures have proven to be effective in fighting against the epidemic in China. In light of specific conditions, we believe these effective risk mitigation measures can be well applied in other countries. In this paper, we will analyze the solution to control the worldwide pandemic and even the epidemic occurring in the future.