BACKGROUND: Wuchereria bancrofti has been found in almost every tissue except the liver. CASE: Microfilariae were found in a hemangioma of the liver on fine needle aspiration in a 40-year-old-female with pyrexia associated with hepatomegaly and a peripheral blood smear negative for microfilariae. CONCLUSION: Absence of microfilariae in a peripheral blood smear does not exclude filarial infection.