High-efficiency super capacitors based on hetero-structured α-MnO2 nanorods

Hetero-structured manganese dioxide nanorods with alpha phase (alpha-MnO2) were prepared by a facile hydrothermal route at low temperature. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurements were used to characterize the prepared hetero-structured alpha-MnO2 nanorods. Supercapacitive performance of the hetero-structured alpha-MnO2 nanomaterials as active electrode material was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in alkaline medium. The MnO2 hetero-structure with 2 x 2 tunnels constructed from double chains of octahedral [MnO6] structure yield a significantly high specific capacitance of 298 Fg(-1) at 5 mV s(-)1 and demonstrated a superior long term cyclic stability, with specific capacitance retention about 94% after 1000 cycles. The superior supercapacitive performance of the hetero-structured alpha-MnO2 electrode is due to its high specific surface area and unique hierarchy architecture which facilitate fast electron and ion transport. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.