Evolution of cooperation by generalized reciprocity

被引：171
作者：
Pfeiffer, T [1 ]
Rutte, C
Killingback, T
Taborsky, M
Bonhoeffer, S
机构：
[1] ETH, Computat Lab, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
[2] ETH, Ecol & Evolut, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
[3] Univ Bern, CH-3032 Hinterkappelen, Switzerland
来源：
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES | 2005年 / 272卷 / 1568期
关键词：
game theory; evolution; cooperation; reciprocal altruism; tit-for-tat;
D O I：
10.1098/rspb.2004.2988
中图分类号：
Q [生物科学];
学科分类号：
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要：
The evolution of cooperation by direct reciprocity requires that individuals recognize their present partner and remember the outcome of their last encounter with that specific partner. Direct reciprocity thus requires advanced cognitive abilities. Here, we demonstrate that if individuals repeatedly interact within small groups with different partners in a two person Prisoner's Dilemma, cooperation can emerge and also be maintained in the absence of such cognitive capabilities. It is sufficient for an individual to base their decision of whether or not to cooperate on the outcome of their last encounter-even if it was with a different partner.
引用
收藏
页码：1115 / 1120
页数：6
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