Ward's Area Location, Physical Activity, and Body Composition in 8-and 9-Year-Old Boys and Girls

Bone strength is the result of its material composition and structural design particularly bone mass distribution The purpose of this study was to analyze femoral neck bone mass distribution by Ward s area location and its relationship with physical activity (PA) and body composition in children 8 and 9 years of age The proximal femur shape was defined by geometric morphometric analysis in 88 participants (48 boys and 40 girls) Using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) images 18 landmarks were digitized to define the proximal femur shape and to identify Ward s area position Body weight lean and fat mass and bone mineral were assessed by DXA PA by accelerometry and bone age by the Tanner Whitehouse III method Warps analysis with Thin-Plate Spline software showed that the first axis explained 63% of proximal femur shape variation in boys and 58% in girls Most of this variation was associated with differences in Ward s area location from the central zone to the superior aspect of the femoral neck in both genders Regression analysis demonstrated that body composition explained 4% to 7% of the proximal femur shape variation in girls In boys body composition variables explained a similar amount of variance, but moderate plus vigorous PA (MVPA) also accounted for 6% of proximal femur shape variation In conclusion proximal femur shape variation in children ages 8 and 9 was due mainly to differences in Ward s area position determined in part by body composition in both genders and by MVPA in boys These variables were positively associated with a central Ward s area and thus with a more balanced femoral neck bone mass distribution (C) 2010 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research